This is the second study linking NAEP to TIMSS. The first study linked the 1996 NAEP to the 1995 TIMSS (Johnson, 1998). This study attempted to link the 2000 grade 8 NAEP in mathematics and science to the 1999 grade 8 TIMSS (which also assessed mathematics and science). The major purpose of both studies, assuming a successful link, was to allow comparisons of states that participated in NAEP with nations that participated in TIMSS. The earlier study offered little opportunity for validation of the resulting linkage, and the possible validations yielded mixed results. The link worked at grade 8 in the sense that the predicted TIMSS results for Minnesota and Minnesota's actual TIMSS results were close to each other. The link did not work at grade 4. The predicted TIMSS results for both Colorado and Minnesota were considerably higher than the actual TIMSS results. What went wrong with the grade 4 linkage was never definitively determined.

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